在职人员申请硕士研究生学位
英语模拟试题
Part I Structure and Vocabulary
Section A
Directions:Beneath each of the following sentences, there are four choices
marked A,B,C and D.Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Mark your answer on
the ANSWER SHEET. (5 points)
- He is off to Paris again tomorrow. He tells me that, with this
journey, he _____ there and back twenty times.
A.will be
B.will have been
C.will go
D.will have gone
- They _____ us willingly but that they happened to be short of hands,
too.
A.would help
B.would have helped
C.were going to help
D.must have helped
- _____ is mentioned in some of his stories, the author was brought up
in a small village.
A.It
B.what
C.That
D.As
- Most of _____ is on American television are programs designed to
appeal to people who go into the supermarkets and buy the products that are advertised on
TV.
A.which
B.that
C.whatever
D.what
- The sailor replied in a tone as angrily as _____ , that he had lost
his leg abroad in defence of those who did nothing at home.
A.they
B.them
C.their
D.theirs
- It is far better to do well a bit of work which is well _____ a large
fortune.
A.worthy to be done than have
B.worth doing than to have
C.worthwhile to do than have
D.worthy of doing than have
- The studies show that the driver who has consumed an amount of
alcohol within the limit is _____ likely to have an automobile accident than the driver
who does not take any alcohol.
A.not so
B.not much
C.no less
D.no more
- A convenient way is to set the food on a piece of aluminum oil, _____
to the air for half an hour, and then cover it with a dish.
A.let it stay open
B.let it stay opened
C.letting it stay open
D.letting it stay opened
- _____ for aches, pains and fever, Asprin is now the subject of
multiple investigations of its role in treating many more serious complaints.
A.Long used
B.Being used long
C.Having been long used
D.It has long been used
- The students were much encouraged _____ a chance to talk with the
Americans in English.
A.to get
B.given
C.to have got
D.having got
Section B
Directions:Each of the following sentences has
four underlined parts marked A,B,C and D. Identify the part of the sentence that is
incorrect and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET.(5 points)
- The king made a promise which (A) he would
(B) give the tailor both (C) half of his kingdom and his daughter, but none the
tailor had (D) .
- It is not so much (A) being exempt from faults but (B) having
overcome (C) them that is advantage to us (D) .
- Thus the young man of promise (A) broke not only the promises
he had made (B) to himself and others, but what was the worse of all (C) ,
the heart of his aged father also (D) .
- I shall finish (A) writing (B) my term paper by the
time (C) you come back (D) next week.
- There is frequently a great interval between knowing (A) how to
solve (B) a problem and to get (C) the resources to solve (D) it.
- A man's (A) dignity does not depend on (B) what
(C) he has but (D) on what he is.
- When (A) Edison died, it was proposed that the American people
turned off (B) all power in their homes,streets, and factories for (C)
several minutes in honor of (D) this great man.
- Today, a university education is seen as (A) the right of
(B) any capable student rather than the priviledge (C) of (D) the wealthy
people.
- It is time we started (A) to think seriously about the growing
(B) shortage of raw materials in the world today and stop (C) this mad destruction
of our environment by our throwaway (D) society.
- Metal, the early (A) form of money, can either (B) be
exchanged for good, or to be made (C) into (D) tools, weapons or ornaments.
Section C
Directions:Beneath each of the following
sentences, there are four choices marked A,B,C and D. Choose the one that best completes
the sentence. Mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET.(10 points)
- There is a direct flight at 2∶00 in the afternoon or a
flight at 9∶30 in the morning that _____ in Chicago.
A.stops by
B.stops over
C.pulls up
D.drops in
- Charles Ives's music was hardly popular with the broad public at the
time it was written.The composer found it _____ impossible to his music performed.
A.anything but
B.nothing but
C.none but
D.all but
- Possessing a car gives a much greater degree of _____ , enabling the
driver to move around freely.
A.travelling
B.movement
C.mobility
D.freedom
- Memorization which does not include thinking and understanding _____
students being unable to use what has been learnt.
A.results in
B.centers on
C.adjusts to
D.refers to
- Some people say that if the holder of chopsticks pushes them _____
his stomach to even them up instead of tapping them on the table, the chances are he is a
coolie.
A.on
B.against
C.at
D.to
- Children going to school must have a chance to _____ excess physical
energy; children even more than adults require and enjoy physical exercise and games of
all kinds.
A.work off
B.let off
C.play off
D.put off
- Tests have proved that caffeine affects the body by increasing the
heart rate and rhythm, which _____ affects the circulatory system.
A.in the long run
B.in turn
C.in return
D.as a result
- Both men and women, nine times out of ten,are firmly _____ of the
superior excellence of their own sex.
A.asserted
B.ensured
C.convinced
D.conceived
- Children between the age of 2 and 11 cannot comprehend the difference
between commercials and television, so they cannot defend themselves against the _____
techniques of commercial television advertising.
A.persuasive
B.advisable
C.irresistible
D.appealing
- During the 1990s world oil production will approach geological
estimates of maximum production _____ , even with rapidly increasing petroleum prices.
A.capability
B.quota
C.potentiality
D.capacity
- It would be very difficult for a library to be without dictionaries
and encyclopedea; such reference books are _____ .
A.unavoidable
B.inevitable
C.indispensible
D.fundamental
- To remain competitive in the international market place, U.S.
industries have recognized that they must attract the brightest, most _____ young people
available.
A.committed
B.dedicated
C.determined
D.contributed
- However dull work may be, it becomes bearable if it is a means of
building up _____ , whether in the world at large or only in one's own circle.
A.admiration
B.vanity
C.honour
D.reputation
- Job applicants often developed the suspicion that _____ are set aside
for friends and relatives and that advertisements are only put out to avoid this
accusation.
A.positions
B.vacancies
C.occupations
D.posts
- But people who read hour after hour or work where the eyes are kept
steadily at one focus soon may come to need glasses to correct their _____ .
A.vision
B.view
C.visibility
D.perception
- Anyone who has ridden on a railroad train knows how rapidly another
train flashes by when it is travelling in the opposite direction and _____ how it may look
almost motionless when it is moving in the same direction.
A.meanwhile
B.accordingly
C.likewise
D.conversely
- Manufacturing is Canada's most important economic activity. It _____
more than half the value of all Canadian production.
A.accounts for
B.amounts to
C.takes up
D.turns out
- Tests reveal that mother's heartbeat can have a calming effect on the
infant. Those who were _____ the heartbeat recording fell asleep in half the time it took
for those who were not.
A.left to
B.exposed to
C.faced with
D.trusted with
- Picture what happens when a father _____ his child into the air. The
child will probably laugh, enjoying the game.
A.casts
B.pitches
C.tosses
D.elevates
- Once a lighthouse is built, no ship of any nationality can be
effectively _____ from the utilization of the lighthouse for navigational purposes.
A.isolated
B.dismissed
C.distracted
D.excluded
Part II Cloze Test
Directions:For each numbered blank in the following
passage,there are four choices labelled A,B,C and D.Choose the best one and put your
choice on the ANSWER SHEET.(10 points)
The Civil War occupies a unique position in American history.No
event,not even the Revolution,holds 41 place in the
national 42 .Its battles were the bloodiest 43 fought on American soil,and its people were at once the most
human and 44 of our heroes.The history of the war
includes stories of recruitment,war industries,supplies,military
leadership,politics,diplomacy,and civilian morale.It is really not one tale 45 many separate histories,each complex and elusive.
The Civil War can,however,be 46 to
human scale by the very soldiers who fought in it. 47 had
his own history,personal experiences,that reflected in some 48 the
larger forces of the war.Although most soldiers left no record of their thoughts and
activities 49 the brief notice received in troop
lists,casualty reports,and other public records,some wrote diaries and letters that allow
us to observe 50 their personal histories.
41.A.any high B.a high C.a higher D.the highest
42.A.regard B.response C.reward D.registration
43.A.one B.once C.before D.ever
44.A.decisive B.confidential C.impartial D.resourceful
45.A.and B.or C.but D.with
46.A.declined B.reduced C.extended D.expanded
47.A.One B.Each C.All D.The soldier
48.A.mode B.model C.style D.fashion
49.A.between B.beneath C.behind D.beyond
50.A.closely B.carefully C.privately D.intimately
Part Ⅲ Reading Comprehension
Directions:Each of the passages below is followed by some
questions.For each question there are four answers marked A,B,C and D.Read the passages
carefully and choose the best answer to each of the questions.Then mark your answer on the
ANSWER SHEET.(40 points)
Passage 1
Who was to blame for starting the Cold War?For nearly a generation
after World War II,American historians generally agreed that the suspicious and grasping
Soviets were almost solely responsible.This“Orthodox”(正统的)appraisal fitted
comfortably with the traditional view of the United States as a God?blessed land with
an idealistic foreign policy.But in the 1960s another interpretation began to
flower,powerfully reinforced by an objection against what Americans were doing in
Vietnam.People who held this view attempted to reverse the orthodox view.They argued that
the Soviets had understandably defensive intentions at the end of World War II and that
the United States had behaved aggressively and irresponsibly.Some of these critics pointed
an accusing finger at Truman.They declared that he had abandoned Roosevelt's conciliatory(调和的)approach
and adopted a bulling attitude,emboldened by American's atomic monopoly.The more radical
of those people like the Kolkos found the roots of American aggression before Truman's
time in longstanding policies of economic expansion.
In the 1970s a“neoorthodox”interpretation emerged.Historians
of this school,like John L.Gaddis,still place most of the blame for the Cold War on the
Soviet Union,but they admit that American policies helped worsen the conflict.They also
note how the constraints of domestic politics and the miscalculations of American leaders
led a nation in search of international security into dangerous Cold War.
This historical debate over the origins of the Cold War has
compelled the recognition that the United States did have vital interests at stake in
postwar diplomacy,and that policymakers pursued those interests with eagerness.But is
self?interest necessarily immoral?Is security a one?way street? Can the blame
ever be exclusively with one side in a complex international dispute?
- People of the“orthodox”view placed blame for starting
the Cold War on the Soviet Union because _____ .
A.they didn't want America to take sole responsibility
B.they supported America in its foreign policy in Vietnam
C.they believed that America was always right in its foreign policy
D.they could find peace of mind in such a belief
- By saying that“people who held this view attempted to reverse the
orthodox view”(the fifth sentence in paragraph 1),the author means that those people
_____ .
A.didn't quite agree to the “orthodox”view
B.held an opposite view to the“orthodox”one
C.considered the“orthodox”view unworthy of notice
D.were faithful supporters of the Soviet foreign policies
- The“neoorthodox”view held that _____ should take responsibility
for the Cold War.
A.the Soviet Union
B.the United States
C.neither of those two countries
D.both of those two countries
- In the last paragraph,the author seems to imply that _____ .
A.the Soviet Union should take sole responsibility
B.the United States should take sole responsibility
C.the Cold War wasn't started on one side only
D.neither side started the Cold War
Passage 2
Does the evidence that the left and right sides of the brain
differ somewhat in function have implications for personality differences?There is
research indicating that the right hemisphere is linked to negative emotions,to spatial or
imagery processing,and to thinking of pure melodies,while the left hemisphere is linked to
verbal and mathematical thought and positive emotions.Is it possible that each half of the
brain reflects two basic but different dimensions of human capacity?Are some personality
differences that involve consistent styles of information processing of reflective thought
correlated with a greater activation of the left and right hemispheres?
Adults who differ in their initial encoding styles also
demonstrate brainwave patterns or eyemovement differences that suggest they “favor”one
or another hemisphere of the brain during reflective thought.An approach to studying such
differences has emerged by examining the direction in which people shift their eyes when
trying to reflect on a question or to recall information.Anatomically(从解剖学上来说)the
neural pathway from the left eye goes to the right hemisphere of the brain and from the
right eye to the left hemisphere.Since our eyes normally shift together,it has been shown
that the stimulation of the rightbrain hemisphere leads to a shift of the eyes to the
left and,correspondingly,lefthemisphere stimulation shifts the eyes to the right.
Studies of persons who show consistent left or righteye
shifts when engaged in reflective thought do offer some support for the views.Right
shifters(that is,those whose left brain are most active)are more analytic in perceptual
performance and score higher on measures of verbalconcept formation,mathematics
scores,and measures of mathematical,scientific,or theoretical interests.Leftshifters
are more imagery oriented,more inclined to daydream,more creative and aesthetically
oriented.Left and rightshifters even differ in where they prefer to sit in college
lecture halls,with leftshifters sitting on the right side and rightshifters to the
left of the center.
- The idea that the left and right sides of the brain differ
somewhat in function _____ .
A.is proved to be unfounded
B.has consistent evidence to support itself
C.is proved to be true in some cases
D.lacks biological evidence
- Mathematical problem solving activity corresponds to an increase in
the activation _____ .
A.in the left side of the brain
B.in the right side of the brain
C.in both sides of the brain
D.first in the left and then in the right side
- According to the findings,a student who often sits on the left side
of a lecture hall _____ .
A.belongs to the analytical thinking type
B.often daydreams in the classroom
C.is not capable of creative thinking
D.is relatively more imaginative
- It is proved that _____ .
A.different styles of information processing has no effect on people's personality
B.differences in personality have something to do with people's problem solving styles
C.leftshifters are usually the worst students in a class
D.rightshifters are often the troublemakers in a society
Passage 3
John Harold Drake is a man of deep compassion, and has written a
book that argues for the cause of children in need of love.“Children, Little Children”is
an honest book, showing great concern and dissatisfaction with the care for children.
The difficult trick of living inside another person's mind and
being able to put your reader inside that same mind, is a capability held only by writers
of exceptional skill and talent. Mr. Drake has approached the problem by making a 10yearold
boy his central character. The boy does not for a moment come across as a real child.
Irresponsible parents abandoned him, his grandfather disliked him, he took everything
literally, and begged everyone for love. Bret is being used to make a point. His ideas are
too poetic, his response too direct, and the contrasts of good and evil too simplistic for
real life. He is being manipulated by someone behind the scenery trying to tell us
something.
For fifteen years the authors has been dealing with people with
psychological trouble at the V.I.T. Neuropsychiatric Institute. He has actively been
involved in this field at other institutions for a quarter of a century. This book is a
form of acting out, through the character, Bret, the pain of a rejected child. If one
understands the book in those terms, one may be willing to believe the imaginary story. If
viewed in this light, the exaggerated movements and reactions of the characters became
less unbelievable and therefore more meaningful. The excessively poetic passages of
description and emotion, seen as stage flats made more colorful than nature in order to
look real from afar, are acceptable in a drama wherea they are irritating in a novel. The
onesided characterizations insane father, immature mother, mean old grandmother,
selfish aunt, cruel neighbours, and totally misunderstood Bret are figures moving across a
lit stage to dramatize a message. The true to life ending, without resolution or growth or
development, might work on a stage, however, it is contrary to everything a novel should
do.
Calling the book a novel is the publisher's mistake, the work is
more nearly a drama. Perhaps it is one of Mr Drake's psychodramas in print and should so
be judged.
- The author of the passage feels that _____ .
A.Mr. Drke's character, Bret, is too unrealistic
B.the central character should not be manipulated
C.the message conveyed by the characterization is important
D.Mr. Drake is not good at writing novels
- It seems that _____ .
A.Bret isn't created for the stage
B.Bret is surrounded by a hostile environment
C.Bret is too simpleminded to be liked by anyone
D.Bret himself is indifferent to his environment
- Mr. Drake _____ .
A.is using his book to send a message to people
B.does not like his character himself
C.does not have a pleasant experience as a child
D.is too impersonal in writing the story
- This passage is most likely to be _____ .
A.a drama review
B.a novel review
C.a comment on lack of parental love or children
D.a comment on storywriting styles
Passage 4
Public officials and candidates for public office routinely use
public opinion polls to keep track of what the people are thinking.An important question
is the degree to which these polls should guide leaders in their actions.There are
arguments for and against the use of polls as the basis for policy decisions.
Polls can contribute to effective government by keeping political
leaders from getting too far out of line with the public's thinking.In a democratic
society,the effectiveness of a public policy often depends on the extent of its public
support.When a policy is contrary to the public's desires,people may choose to disregard
or undermine it,thus making it counterproductive or inefficient.Further,when government
pursues a course of action with which a large proportion of the public disagrees,it risks
a loss of public confidence,which can have a negative effect on its ability to lead.The
Reagan administration,flying high from 1981 to 1985, was brought low in 1986 by public
reaction to news of its secret sales of weapons to Iran.The administration had not paid
sufficient attention to polls that revealed the deep antagonism Americans still felt
toward Iran because the Ayatollah Khomeini's regime had held sixtythree American
hostages(人质)in 19791981.
However,leaders can also do a disservice to the public they
represent by using poll results as a substitute for policy judgment.“Effective
government”,as Walter Lippmann wrote,“cannot be conducted by legislators and officials
who, when a question is presented,ask themselves first and last not what is the truth and
which is the right and necessary course, but What does the Gallup Poll say?” During his
presidential term,Jimmy Carter proposed five consecutive inflationfighting
programs,changing his plans with each shift in public sentiment without having invested
the political capital necessary to get Congress and the country behind any of the efforts
.The nation and Carter would probably have been better served by a steadfast commitment to
a single course of action.
- The main idea of the second paragraph is that _____ .
A.Reagan lost a lot of support later in his administration
B.leaders should learn to win support for their policies
C.it is up to the leaders to determine the value of public opinion
D.public opinion polls are very important to a democratic society
- What Walter Lippmann means is that _____ .
A.some government leaders can never run the government effectively
B.in solving any problem,leaders should first try to find out the public opinion on it
C.good leaders should learn to disregard public opinion in policy making
D.leaders should take effective decisions based on sound judgment and act on them with
determination
- The Carter example shows that for a leader _____ .
A.rational judgment is important in face of unfavorable public opinion
B.public opinion is all the more important in difficult time
C.it is advisable to ignore public opinion in handling bad economic situations
D.it is important to be on good terms with both the Congress and the public
- Which of the following statements best expresses the main idea of the
passage?
A.Country leaders should be ready to yield to public opinion.
B.Public opinions should be carefully used in policy making.
C.Governmental policies should be made in line with public thinking.
D.Public polls are useless unless they are used for policy making.
Passage 5
The transplantation of functioning human immune systems into mice
was reported by two California research teams in September 1988.The mice should have many
important uses in medical science,such as enabling researchers to test treatments against
a number of diseases and to study the effects of infectious microorganisms-including the
AIDS virus-on the human immune system.
Both research groups-at the Medical Biology Institute in La Jolla
and at Standford University-started with a special strain of mice that are without an
immune system.The La Jolla scientists injected the mice with human B cells and T
cells,white blood cells that are major components of the immune system.The cells
reproduced in the mice's bodies and migrated throughout the animals'circulatory systems.
The Stanford researchers implanted human fetal lival
tissues,thymusgland tissues,and lymph nodes,into the mice.In the mice' bodies,the liver
cells produced stem cells,which develop into the various kinds of blood cells.The
implanted tissues converted the stem cells into B cells and T cells.
The mice with immunesystem transplants by both research teams
were fully protected against infectious disease.Ordinarily,mice of the strain used by the
scientists die soon after birth unless they are kept in a sterile(无菌的)environment.
- The purpose of the researches in those two universities
was to _____ .
A.use mouse blood to treat many diseases
B.use human blood to cure sick mice
C.find out how human immune system might be affected
D.find out if human immune system was similar to that of mice
- The two researchers were similar in that both research groups _____
.
A.had the same objective to their researches
B.used the same procedures in their researches
C.injected the same kind of blood cells into the mice
D.used the same experimental instrument in their work
- Finally the two researches _____ .
A.had quite different findings
B.got similar findings
C.failed since the mice soon died
D.had no particular results
- Comparedwith Standford University researchers,those in the other
university _____ .
A.experimented with fewer kinds of blood cells
B.used a less advanced method
C.employed a more direct method
D.got less convincing results
Part IV EnglishChinese Translation
Directions:Read the following passage carefully and then
translate the underlined sentences into Chinese.(15 points)
Immediately after the Civil War,however,the diet began to
change.(71) Rail transportation increased the supply and improved
the quality of the milk that reached urban centers;cold storage and refrigerator cars made
possible the greater consumption of fresh vegetables,fresh fruits,and fresh fish;and
commercial canning extended the range of appetizing and healthful foods.
Subsequently food statistics indicated an increased consumption of dairy products,fresh
fruit,fresh vegetables,sugar and syrups,coffee,tea,cocoa,and spices.Decreased consumption
was shown for meats,potatoes,and grain products. (72) By and
large,the American diet continued to reflect a considerable reliance upon animal
products,rather than on grains,which meant that a relatively large acreage was required to
feed the American pulblic. Whereas a grain and fish diet,such as in
Japan,requires only a quarter of an acre highyield cropland and no pasture per
capita,the American diet requires about two and a half acres of cropland and ten acres of
pasture per capita.Also it indicated a shift toward the socalled protective
foods,toward those high in vitamins and proteins.(73) This change
was greatly furthered by governmental food inspection(the Pure Food and Drug Act was
passed in 1906),by the increasing use of mechanical refrigerators in the 1920's and 1930's
and of freezers for frozen food during recent decades.
In the years after World War I a food revolution took place that
was reminiscent of the one that occured after the Civil War.The output of the foodmanufacturing
industry quadrupled from 1900 to 1940.(74) In that interval,as we
have mentioned earlier,home canning gave way to commercial canning,and the labor of
housekeeping was lightened.
Fortunately most of the major dietary changes that have taken
place since the middle of the nineteenth century have resulted in better nutrition for the
population.In part,these shifts have taken place because of a preference for new foods
rather than old,but in part,they have been made because the new foods were advocated by
nutritionists.Apparently American dietary customs were not so deeply ingrained as to
prevent change in the interests of better health.(75) Possibly one
factor that has contributed to the readiness of Americans to accept new foods or food
preparations is the general familiarity most have with a variety of regional dishes coming
from many different lands. Within a small area in New York City or San
Francisco,one can find restaurants specializing in
French,Italian,German,Turkish,Arabian,or Chinese cuisine.And at a Chinese resturant in the
United States the chef and waiter are as likely as not to be Oriental.
Part V Writing(15 points)
Directions:
A.Title:AGED PEOPLE TEND TO LIVE ALONE
B.Time Limit:40 minutes
C.Word limit:no less than150 words (not including the given sentence)
D.Your composition should be based on the OUTLINE below and should end the first paragraph
with the given sentence:Why do aged people tend to live alone?
E.Your composition must be written neatly on the ANSWER SHEET.
OUTLINE:
1.Present situation
2.Possible reasons
3.My comment